Allergy Research Group®

 Glucosamine Sulfate (Hypoallergenic)

Glucosamine Sulfate - Hypoallergenic - 120 Capsules

Glucosamine is a simple amino sugar, a monosaccharide with an amino group as part of its structure. Glucosamine occurs as a nutrient and an intermediary metabolite. Glucosamine is also a precursor substance for connective tissues and other cementing materials that pack the cells together, and otherwise give support to the fabric of the body. Such large molecular complexes are used, together with collagen, to give bulk and strength to the "connective" tissues. Starting from glucosamine, and using other simple sugars also as substances, a complex, enzyme-regulated process generates "glycosaminoglycans" (GAGs). These in turn become further organized into the proteoglycans (PG) of cartilage, bone, ligaments, tendons, sclera, and other types of connective tissues. *

D-glucosamine—>N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (NAG)—>GAG—>PG

Glycosaminoglycans are most prevalent in the matrix materials into which the cells of solid tissues are anchored. The GAGs are major structural contributors to the basement membranes of the skin and internal epithelia, the intima of the blood vessels, the heart valves, and the lens and sclera of the eye, as well as synovial fluid and the linings of the joints.

Glucosamine can be a starting substrate for major known GAGs such as chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, and hyaluronate. These GAGs subsequently become attached to protein chains, which serve rather as a "scaffolding" for them. The "proteoglycans" (PG) that result then become further organized and aggregated into the extra-cellular matrix materials for the diverse connective tissues. *

The extracellular matrix materials that surround the cells of solid tissues are integrated into the homeostatic mechanisms which support tissue and organ functions. The biological roles of the GAGs, usually as incorporated into PG, begin with their presence as packing and mechanical support for the connective tissues (filling in between collagen and other fibrous components). Recent research findings indicate the GAG/PG participate functionally and homeostatically in processes such as cell adhesion, motility, and aggregation; tissue morphogenesis and renewal, growth factor effects, angiogenesis, and the initiation, amplification, and termination of inflammatory cascades. *

Glucosamine and joint function:

Glucosamine is a major component of several GAGs that are prominent in the linings of the joints. The joints include the zones of friction between moving bones, and are sites where connective tissues are worn away most rapidly. Therefore the joints place a high demand on the capacity of their lining epithelia to produce new cartilage and other connective tissues. Anti-inflammatory drugs relieve joint pain, but often also inhibit the production of the proteoglycans that help renew the joint linings and the synovial fluid. Glucosamine as its sulfate salt has been shown from several studies to be of importance in joint maintenance and renewal. *

Orally-administered glucosamine is taken up actively from the intestine via a specific carrier mechanism. Studies in animal models of connective tissue production, renewal, and breakdown indicate that glucosamine, given as its sulfate salt, contributes in a major way to the homeostatic regulation of GAG synthesis and turnover. *

Perhaps as a result of this contribution, in experimental model systems of inflammation, glucosamine contributed to the modulation of oxygen radical production and to the conservation of formed connective tissue. In studies with humans, glucosamine sulfate was well tolerated. *

References available upon request.

Allergy Research Group®, Inc.

*Hypoallergenic Defined:  According to Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary "hypoallergenic" is defined as:  "Diminished potential for causing an allergic reaction."   Allergy Research Group® defines hypoallergenic as "Free of all common allergens", specifically, wheat, corn, soy, gluten, yeast, dairy, and eggs. Many very sensitive individuals who reach to supplements in general, are able to tolerate Allergy Research Group® product. Since our inception in 1979, we have been using only the purest, and whenever possible, the lowest allergy potential natural ingredients. And while many of the nutrients in our formulas are synthesized from natural substances (plant sources), which as a whole may contain antigens, the synthesizing process removes the molecules of the desired nutrient from the original substance, and in the processing a great percentage of the antigens and allergens are left behind. The final material then has extremely low allergy potential. This is not to say that no one will react to any of our hypoallergenic formulas, as some extremely sensitive people may.  However, the potential for an allergic reaction is low, and the feedback from many of our extremely allergic and sensitive customers is that Allergy Research Group® supplements are the only products they are able to tolerate.  (For further information about Allergy Research Group, click on their information link above)

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